Items on fabbers and digital manufacturing are listed here in the following categories:

• Patents
• Books and reports
• Articles and papers
• Speeches
• Radio and television
• Classes

• Method and Apparatus for Automatic Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Objects
       U.S. Patent 5,514,232, May 7, 1996, 32 claims
• Method and Apparatus for Automatic Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Objects
       U.S. Patent 5,879,489, March 9, 1999
• Method and Apparatus for Automatic Fabrication of Three Dimensional Object
       U.S. Patent 6,575,218, June 10, 2003

• Automated Fabrication: Improving Productivity in Manufacturing
       First published in 1993 by Prentice Hall, now available in paperback from Ennex Corporation. 369 + xxv pages, illustrated

  The first major book on fabbers: machines that generate 3-dimensional solid objects under computer control. Covers additive, subtractive (CNC), and hybrid processes. Ten chapters cover current machines, future processes, case studies, materials science, economic impact, and more.

       Italian translation:
       Dal Virtuale al Concreto: Medellazione automatica e prototipazione rapida
       Translated by Sergio Orefice and Yakov Horenstein
       Tecniche Nuove, Milan, Italy, 1995, 327 + xx pages

       Reviewed in:
       Midnight Engineering (William E. Gates), November-December 1995, p 30
       MicroTimes (Todd Kaloudis), November 14, 1994, p 152, 326
       Engineering Automation Report (David E. Weisberg), May 1994, p 15
       Scientific American (Philip Morrison), January 1995, p 101..2
       Industrial Laser Review (David A. Belforte), October 1993, p 22
       Rapid Prototyping Report (Geoffrey Smith-Moritz), August 1993, p 7..8

• Fabricators in Japan
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, Los Angeles, July 1996, 30 pages

• Automated Fabrication Job Shops: Bringing Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing to the Little Guy
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, Los Angeles, 1992, 13 pages (out of print)

  Description of the service subindustry that is growing up around fabbers. Includes suggestions on deciding whether to use a shop or buy a machine, evaluating a job shop, and getting the most for your money. Complete with directory of shops listing their equipment, CAD software, level of experience, and other data.

• Pocket Guide to Automated Fabrication
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, Los Angeles, 1991, 16 pages (out of print)

  A compact presentation of the automated fabrication industry. Brief description of the processes, machines, applications, and prospects for future development. Includes machine comparison chart.

• Rapid Prototyping: System Selection and Implementation Guide
       Edited by Marshall Burns, Management Roundtable, Boston, 1991, 154 pages (out of print)

  Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Desktop Manufacturing, Minneapolis, May 1991. Includes papers by industry leaders, such as Allan Lightman, Michael McEvoy, and Al Cassista. Two chapters by Burns provide introduction to the subject and survey of commercial products.

• Fabbers and the Internet: Product Fulfillment in the 21^st Century
       Zone News, January 2000, p 93..5

• The Next Millennium in Rapid Prototyping Report

  Series of articles on the future of fabbers.

  •      UPS Foretells the Fabber Revolution, December 1999, p 6..8

    A TV commercial for United Parcel Service provides a brilliant visual image of the fabber future with people ordering products online for delivery via fabber directly into their homes and offices.

  •      Professional Fabbing at Home, November 1999, p 5..6

    Fabbers will first begin to appear in homes for professional use by freelance engineers and designers, and this will lead to other household uses, including making toys for the kids.

  •      Fabbers in Space, October 1999, p 5..7

    How fabbers make space habitation feasible for the first time in history.

• Growing Autofab into the 21^st Century
       in Rapid Response Manufacturing, edited by Jian Dong, Chapman & Hall, London, 1998, p 228..33 (Reprinted from Rapid Prototyping Report, March 1994, p 3..6)

• The Origins and Direction of the Fabricator Revolution
       Rapid News, North American edition, September 1997

• Using Fabricators to Reduce Space Transportation Costs
       with David S. McKay and Hubert P. Davis
       Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, Texas, 1996, p 23..30

• Creating Ultracustomized Products
       Midnight Engineering, April-May 1996, p 25..8

• The Freedom to Create
       Midnight Engineering, November-December 1995, p 17..31 (Reprinted from Technology Management, v 1, # 4, 1995, p 157..63. Based on keynote speech at workshop on Rapid Prototyping of Functional Components, AlliedSignal, Inc., Orange, New Jersey, July 1994)

  Fabbers as an emancipating technology which, like books and automobiles, brings a new type of freedom to people. The impact on 21^st-century manufacturing and society.

• Research Notes in Rapid Prototyping Report

  Nontechnical column discussing developments in fabber process technologies.

  •      Creative Ideas Showcased at Summer’s Autofab Conferences, September 1995, p 3..5
  •      Growing Autofab into the 21^st Century, March 1994, p 3..6
  •      Automating Microfabrication, January 1994, p 2..4
  •      The Light Sculpting Process, November 1993, p 6..8
  •      Summer’s Conferences Show Off New Technologies, September 1993, p 4..6

    The exciting news hidden in the technical papers presented in the Summer of ’93.

  •      Dual-Beam Laser Curing, July 1993, p 2..5

    Development work in the U.S., France, and Japan on one of the oldest ideas for automated fabrication.

  •      Nottingham Conference Shows Off European Technology, August 1992, p 6..7
  •      Welding Takes on a New Dimension, February 1992, p 1..3

    Development work in Germany, the U.S., and Britain on automated fabrication by 3-dimensional welding. Includes photographs of sheet metal stamping and automotive thermostat housing copied by the process.

  •      “Incremental Fabrication” Builds Directly in Metal, January 1992, p 2..4

    Development work by David Gore of Incre, Inc. Includes photograph of 3-inch hollow partial sphere fabricated in tin.

• Requirements of Future Fabricator Data Formats
       Workshop on Design Methodologies for Solid Freeform Fabrication, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 5..6, 1995

• Automated Fabrication: Creating Ultracustomized Products
       The Futurist, May-June 1995, p 38..41

• Automated Fabrication: The Future of Manufacturing
       Rapid Prototyping Journal, v 1, #1, 1995, p 37..8

• Automated Fabrication: The Freedom to Create
       Technology Management, v 1, # 4, 1995, p 157..63 (Based on keynote speech at workshop on Rapid Prototyping of Functional Components, AlliedSignal, Inc., Orange, New Jersey, July 1994. Reprinted in Midnight Engineering, November-December 1995, p 17..31)

  Fabbers as an emancipating technology which, like books and automobiles, brings a new type of freedom to people. The impact on 21^st-century manufacturing and society.

• A Revolution is Brewing in How the World’s Products are Designed and Made--Are You Up to Date?
       International Metalworking Update 1994/95, p 216..7

• Automated Fabrication: The Future of Manufacturing
       Industrial Laser Review, November 1994, p 7..9

• A Revolution is Brewing in How the World’s Products are Designed and Made--Are You Up to Date?
       CNC West, August-September 1994, p 38..40

• Quick Primer on Rapid Fabrication
       Machine Design, March 7, 1994, p 150..2

• Automated Fabrication Service Bureaus
       DesignNet, April 1992, p 52..8

  Description of the service subindustry that is growing up around fabbers. Includes suggestions on deciding whether to use a shop or buy a machine, evaluating a job shop, and getting the most for your money. Complete with directory of shops listing their equipment, CAD software, level of experience, and other data.

• Automated Fabrication in Space
       SSI Update, Space Studies Institute, January-February 1992, p 5..6

  How fabbers will open up space settlement by allowing utilization of in situ materials.

2000

• Fabbers in Space
       to American Institute of Aeronautics and Astonautics, Los Angeles, California, April 2000

• Atoms From Bits
       Keynote at Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Los Angeles, California, April 2000

• Beyond Mass Customization
       Panel comments at senior executive forum, The Future Factory
       Presented at NEPCon West 2000 by Technology Forecasters, Anaheim, California, February 2000

1999

• The FAB–ulous Fabber! — How to Profit from the Next Technology Revolution
       Keynote at Society of Manufacturing Engineers regional meeting, Lakewood, California, December 1999

• Fabbers in Space
       at Space Frontiers Conference 8, Space Frontiers Foundation, Los Angeles, September 1999

• The FAB–ulous Fabber! — How to Profit from the Next Technology Revolution
       Keynote at SolidWorks Users Group, Newport Beach, California, August 1999

1998

• Fabbing the Future: Developments in Rapid Manufacturing
       at Plastics Product Design & Development Forum, Chicago, Illinois, May 1998

1997

• The Origins and Direction of the Fabricator Revolution
       Session keynote at IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE ’97)
       University of Minho, Guimar&#atilde;es, Portugal, July 1997

• The Future of Fabricators
       at National Design Engineering Show, Chicago, March 1997

1996

• Using Fabricators to Reduce Space Transportation Costs
       with David S. McKay and Hubert P. Davis
       at Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, Texas, August 1996

• The History and Future of Fabricators
       Keynote at Rapid Prototyping Symposium
       Japan Association of Rapid Prototyping Industry, Kyoto, Japan, May 1996

• The Magic and Practice of Fabricators
       Technical keynote at Advanced Industry Seminar on Manufacturing
       Andersen and Co., St. Charles, Illinois, May 1996

• Fabbing 3-D Scientific Data in Solid Material
       Seminar Series on Mathematical Modeling and Applications
       University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, February 1996

1995

• The Prototype is the Product: The Model Maker in 21^st-Century Manufacturing
       Keynote at Association of Professional Model Makers Annual Meeting
       Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 1995

• Requirements of Future Fabricator Data Formats
       at Solid Freeform Fabrication Workshop
       National Science Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 1995

• Managing Innovation for Productive Manufacturing
       Session keynote at International Conference on Rapid Product Development
       Stuttgart, Germany, May 1995

• Customer Co-Construction and the Haircut Model of Manufacturing
       at Advanced Prototyping Workshop
       Cerritos College, Norwalk, California, April 1995

• Managing Innovation for Productive Manufacturing
       at CAD Design for Composites Workshop
       Cerritos College, Norwalk, California, March 1995

1994

• Automated Fabrication: The Future of Manufacturing
       Plenary keynote at 13^th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics (ICALEO ’94)
       Laser Institute of America, Orlando, Florida, October 1994

• Rapid Prototyping and Automated Fabrication
       at Plastics Product Designers Forum, Boston, September 1994

• Automated Fabrication: The Freedom to Create
       Keynote speech at workshop on Rapid Prototyping of Functional Components
       AlliedSignal, Inc., Orange, New Jersey, July 1994
       (Published in Technology Management, v 1, # 4, 1995, p 157..63 and Midnight Engineering, November-December 1995, p 17..31)

  Fabbers as an emancipating technology which, like books and automobiles, brings a new type of freedom to people. The impact on 21^st-century manufacturing and society.

• Research Directions in Automated Fabrication: Process, Materials, and Control
       University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, April 1994

• Autofab in Space: A New Opportunity for Space Habitation
       The Planetary Society, Pasadena, CA, February 1994

• Rapid Plastics Prototyping: Additive Autofab for Low-Volume Applications
       at Plastics Product Designers Forum, Los Angeles, January 1994

• Digital Geometry: Automating the Mathematics of Manufacturing
       at Mathematical Sciences and Sustainable Development: The Current Challenges
       United Nations Development Programme, Ibadan, Nigeria, January 1994

1993

• Automated Fabrication: It’s Not Just for Prototyping Anymore
       at Autofact ’93, Chicago, November 1993

• The Household Fabricator
       at Fourth Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, Texas, August 11, 1993

  A look at new home construction in the year 2008, with its fiber-optic network connections, pneumatic material supply tubes, and the family fabber room.

1992

• Using Automated Fabrication for Prototyping
       at Plastics Product Designers Forum, Philadelphia, November 1992

• Automated Fabrication in Europe: A U.S. Perspective
       Keynote at First European Conference on Rapid Prototyping, Nottingham, U.K., July 1992
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, Los Angeles, 1992, 8 pages

  The exciting developments in Europe in the context of exciting developments worldwide. Data on important aspects of the industry in which Europe leads the world.

• The Physical Basis of Automated Fabrication—
            A look under the hoods of the rapid prototyping machines
       at Successful Applications of Rapid Prototyping Technologies
       Society of Manufacturing Engineers, Dearborn, Michigan, April 1992

  The science underlying two major fabber processes: the chemistry of photopolymers and the physics of sintering.

• Perspectives on StereoLithography: Automated Fabrication in the 19^th, 20^th, and 21^st Centuries
       Keynote at StereoLithography Users’ Group Conference and Annual Meeting
       San Francisco, California, March 31, 1992

  The origins of and future prospects for this dynamic industry, with suggestions on handling challenges. Includes little-known information on the historical roots of autofab technology.

• Improving Product Quality Through Automated Fabrication
       at Design Quality: Competitive Tool for Accelerated Product Development
       Product Development Management Association, Brea, California, February 1992

1991

• Automated Fabrication: The Future of Manufacturing
       American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Los Angeles, December 1991

• Broadcast-Quality Footage on Automated Fabrication
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, 1995, 3/4-inch video, 62 minutes

  Collection of three interviews of Marshall Burns about automated fabrication, plus raw footage of fabbers in action.

• Autofab on the Air
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, 1995, VHS video, 18 minutes

  Collection of three interviews of Marshall Burns about automated fabrication.

• The Fabber: Changing the Way America Does Business
       Interview by Kelli Wilson for Science Report
       Syndicated by American Institute of Physics, December 1994

• Fabricators
       Interview by Bob Hershon, American Association for Advancement of Science
       Science Update, Mutual Radio Network, October 1994

• Replicators by Automated Fabrication?
       Interview by Keith Morrison, Canada AM, CFTO, December 1993

• Air Talk on Autofab
       Interview by Larry Mantle, Air Talk, KPCC, Pasadena, California, September 1993
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, 1993, Audio cassette, 55 minutes

  National Public Radio’s Air Talk host Larry Mantle and his call-in listeners interview Marshall Burns about automated fabrication and where it is headed.

• Automated Fabrication—Improving Productivity in Manufacturing
       Interview by Ron Adams, Business World, CBC, June 1993
       Ennex Fabrication Technologies, 1993, VHS video, 8 minutes

  The uses and benefits of fabbers in production as well as prototyping, with a discussion of exciting future applications. Includes footage showing the operation of 3D Systems’ SLA-250 fabber.

• Fabricators: A New Manufacturing Technology
       University of Southern California, January..April 1997

• Agile Manufacturing and Rapid Prototyping
       with Allan G. Dunn
       California Institute of Technology, June 6..7, 1996

• Visualizing Nonlinear Resonance in Classical and Quantum Mechanics
       Computers in Physics (cover article), September-October 1992, p 483..93

  Explanation of graphical techniques used to explore resonance behavior of extreme-Stark hydrogen.

• Nonlinear Resonance in the Hydrogen Atom
       with Linda E. Reichl, Physical Review A, January 1, 1992, p 333..41

  Theoretical and numerical analysis of behavior, in both classical and quantal models, of extreme Stark states of hydrogen perturbed by microwaves.

• Nonlinear Resonance in the Hydrogen Atom
       Ph.D. dissertation at the University of Texas at Austin, 1991

  Theoretical and numerical analysis of behavior, in both classical and quantal models, of extreme Stark states of hydrogen perturbed by microwaves. First demonstration of existence of resonance zones in a quantum mechanical Hilbert space.

• What is Gravity?
       Ad Astra, June 1991, p 14

  A brief explanation of general relativity in nontechnical language.

• Physics Watch, Science Page in The Daily Texan, University of Texas at Austin

  A lay column on advanced topics in modern physics.

  •      New particles created from ashes of old ones, December 2, 1986
  •      Nobel laureates bring tiny objects into view, November 12, 1986
  •      Mathematics gives world subtle structure, October 15, 1986
  •      String theory portends new insights on matter, September 24, 1986
  •      Matter, energy ever present as waves in underlying ether, September 3, 1986
  •      Waves can be measured for length, position - not both, August 8, 1986
  •      Time longest distance between two places, July 9, 1986
  •      Early universe filled by bright, invisible light, June 5, 1986

• The Physics of Photons and Slow Particles
       B.S. thesis at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1979

  Intuitive approach to relativity and quantum mechanics.

• Fabbers in Space
       at Space Frontiers Conference 8, Space Frontiers Foundation, Los Angeles, September, 1999

• Using Fabricators to Reduce Space Transportation Costs
       with David S. McKay and Hubert P. Davis
       at Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, Austin, Texas, August 1996

• Autofab in Space: A New Opportunity for Space Habitation
       The Planetary Society, Pasadena, CA, February 1994

• Automated Fabrication in Space
       SSI Update, Space Studies Institute, January-February 1992, p 5..6

  How fabbers will open up space settlement by allowing utilization of in situ materials.

• Marshall Burns at the International Space University: Reports to Sponsors
       Summer 1990

  A weekly report on the lectures, projects, debates, and other activities at the ISU 1990 summer program in Toronto, Canada. Mailed to the nineteen companies and individuals who had provided $15,000 in tuition and travel support.

• Carrying on from Apollo 11
       KXAN-TV, Austin, Texas, July 20, 1989

  Interview by Jim Swift on 20^th anniversary of Apollo 11 Moon landing, about impact that event had on a child watching it.

• Issues impacting the feasibility of a factory in Earth orbit
       School of Management, University of Texas at Austin, 1988

  Discussion of the non-technical issues that need to be considered before erecting a manufacturing facility in space.

• The Birth of the PC Clone
       Invited lecture to Management of New Enterprises
       School of Management, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, October 1988

  The story of Marshall Burns Computer Sales (later Ennex Technology Marketing, Inc.), the first manufacturer of PC clones in 1982. How an investment of $1500 led to sales of $298,000 in eight months, providing the funds needed by the owner to go to graduate school.

• Consumer Comforts of Eden
       Technology Review, May 1979, p 85..6

  Commentary on the state of products liability law.